How does Kaspa implement covenant support in its scripting language?

Kaspa's covenant support lets scripts place binding rules on how funds can be spent in a future transaction. In standard crypto scripting, a script only checks whether the person trying to spend funds has the right key — it cannot look inward at the spending transaction itself. Covenants change that: by adding introspection opcodes across all transaction fields and byte-string manipulation primitives, KIP-17 gives Kaspa scripts the ability to read and constrain any part of the spending transaction before approving it. This matters for beginners because it opens the door to programmable-money behavior — conditional payments, escrows, and multi-step protocols — built directly into Kaspa's transaction layer.