What are difficulty windows in Kaspa's mining system?

Difficulty windows are sets of recent blocks that Kaspa uses to decide whether mining is running too fast or too slow, then adjusts the difficulty target accordingly. Kaspa's difficulty adjustment algorithm uses two distinct windows: the 'timestamp flexibility' window, which limits how far individual miners' clocks are allowed to drift from the expected timestamp, and the 'difficulty' window, which tracks how much actual block creation time has deviated from the target. In the current implementation, the timestamp flexibility window spans 263 seconds and the difficulty window spans 2641 seconds. For anyone interested in Kaspa mining, these windows directly control how hard or easy it is to produce new blocks at any given moment — they are the mechanism that keeps the network's block rate stable.