What is a node in a peer-to-peer network?

A node is any individual computing device — a computer, server, or IoT device — that actively participates in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network. Each node keeps its own copy of the shared data or protocols and uses cryptographic techniques like digital signatures or key exchange to verify interactions with other peers. Together, these nodes distribute, validate, and synchronize data, which is what gives the network its resilience and decentralization instead of relying on a single central server. For a Kaspa beginner, this matters because it means no company or individual controls the network — the system keeps running as long as nodes are participating.