Why doesn't Kaspa waste work the way Bitcoin does?

Kaspa eliminates the wasted-work problem by letting parallel blocks coexist instead of discarding all but one. In Bitcoin, each block can only point to a single previous block. When two miners produce valid blocks at nearly the same time, the network must pick one and orphan the other — throwing away all the electricity and compute that went into the discarded block. Kaspa removes this constraint by letting each block point to multiple previous blocks, so when nodes produce parallel blocks while having different views of the network, every block is kept and included in the DAG (directed acyclic graph). For a beginner, this means Kaspa can produce blocks at a much higher rate without the efficiency ceiling that forces Bitcoin to keep its block rate slow.