How does Kaspa's covenant model advance state one step at a time?

In Kaspa's covenant model, each protected output can only move forward by exactly one valid state transition, triggered by a spend transaction that satisfies the covenant's own rules. Think of it like a combination lock where only the correct next move is accepted — the covenant defines what "correct" means, and the spend transaction either meets that definition or is rejected. Multiple parallel states can coexist on the network at the same time, but each individual protected state advances independently, one step at a time. This matters for beginners because it means on-chain logic on Kaspa is predictable and auditable: every state change follows a defined path, which makes it much harder for bugs or bad actors to hijack an asset mid-flow.